Build traceable customer research findings
Preserve customer evidence, test early themes, and connect each finding to a decision or next question.
- Preparation
- An analysis round after de-identification
- Difficulty
- Advanced
- Task
- Turn interviews into findings
Before you start
Get what you need before you start
- De-identify approved transcripts and notes before adding them to analysis tools.
- Keep protected originals available for authorised source checking.
Steps
Work through the method
Use the listed inputs and tools. Check the evidence when you need to verify a step.
Preserve the source trail
Assign a participant code and stable locator to each transcript, note, or observation record.
Why it matters: Every later interpretation needs a route back to the protected source.
- Input
- Approved research records.
- Output
- A source inventory with stable locators.
Tools in this stepGoogle SheetsEvidence for this step
GOV.UK guidance separates extracted observations, sorted themes, findings, and resulting actions.
GOV.UK Service Manual: Extract observations; Sort observations; Determine findings; Decide actions
Extract one observation at a time
Record what a participant said or did, its locator, and the context without adding interpretation.
Why it matters: Observations should remain separate from the finding they may support.
- Input
- The source inventory and protected records.
- Output
- Atomic, source-linked observation rows.
Tools in this stepChatGPT data analysisGoogle SheetsEvidence for this step
GOV.UK guidance separates extracted observations, sorted themes, findings, and resulting actions.
GOV.UK Service Manual: Extract observations; Sort observations; Determine findings; Decide actions
Verify every extracted row
Compare each AI-assisted or manual extraction with the protected source and correct wording, context, and locator.
Why it matters: File analysis can structure material, but its output still needs human source checking.
- Input
- Extracted observation rows and protected sources.
- Output
- Human-verified observation rows.
Tools in this stepChatGPT data analysisGoogle SheetsEvidence for this step
ChatGPT data analysis can process uploaded files, clean data, combine tables, and create structured outputs.
OpenAI: How data analysis works in ChatGPT; Work on tables in real-timeAI-assisted analysis needs a defined scope, repeatable checks, documented human oversight, and ongoing review.
National Institute of Standards and Technology: AI RMF 1.0, MAP 3.3–3.5; MEASURE 2.1 and 2.6; Appendix C, pages 40–41
Group related observations
Place related rows together while keeping participant codes and source locators visible.
Why it matters: Grouping should preserve the evidence behind a possible theme.
- Input
- Verified observation rows.
- Output
- Evidence groups with provisional labels.
Tools in this stepGoogle SheetsEvidence for this step
GOV.UK guidance separates extracted observations, sorted themes, findings, and resulting actions.
GOV.UK Service Manual: Extract observations; Sort observations; Determine findings; Decide actions
Test provisional themes
Search the full set for exceptions, competing explanations, and segments where the pattern does not hold.
Why it matters: Early themes can hide contrary evidence.
- Input
- The provisional groups and full observation set.
- Output
- Theme notes with supporting and contrary rows.
Tools in this stepGoogle SheetsEvidence for this step
A practitioner recommends preserving transcripts and pressure-testing early themes before choosing a solution.
First Round Review: FIGURING OUT WHAT TO GO AFTER; Mistake #1: Chasing themes
Write bounded findings
State the observed pattern, context, supporting evidence, contrary evidence, and inference limit.
Why it matters: A finding needs a clear boundary between evidence and interpretation.
- Input
- The tested theme notes.
- Output
- Traceable finding statements.
Tools in this stepGoogle SheetsEvidence for this step
GOV.UK guidance separates extracted observations, sorted themes, findings, and resulting actions.
GOV.UK Service Manual: Extract observations; Sort observations; Determine findings; Decide actionsA practitioner recommends preserving transcripts and pressure-testing early themes before choosing a solution.
First Round Review: FIGURING OUT WHAT TO GO AFTER; Mistake #1: Chasing themes
Choose the action or next question
For each finding, record the decision it informs or the evidence gap that needs another round.
Why it matters: Analysis ends when a finding informs work or clarifies what remains unknown.
- Input
- The traceable findings and pending decision.
- Output
- A decision record or next research question.
Tools in this stepGoogle SheetsEvidence for this step
GOV.UK guidance separates extracted observations, sorted themes, findings, and resulting actions.
GOV.UK Service Manual: Extract observations; Sort observations; Determine findings; Decide actions
Success checks
Check the result before you finish
- Every observation has a stable source locator.
- Every AI-assisted extraction has a recorded human check.
- Every finding includes contrary evidence or states that none appeared in the reviewed sample.
Failure modes
Watch for these problems
- Remove unapproved personal or sensitive data before using any analysis tool.
- Return to the protected source when a row loses context.
- Keep a theme provisional when a segment or contrary case could change it.
Tools
Choose the tools you need
Tool
ChatGPT data analysis
A file-analysis workspace for structuring approved, de-identified research or operating records into reviewable tables.
Check fit, limits and pricingTool
Google Sheets
A shared spreadsheet for source-linked research, decisions, and operating records that people can inspect and correct.
Check fit, limits and pricingSources
Read the sources behind this practice
Check what each source supports and where the advice has limits.
- GOV.UK Service Manual: Analyse a research sessionGovernment service guidance · Publication date unavailable
- First Round Review: A UX Research Crash Course for FoundersEdited practitioner interview · Publication date unavailable
- Hacker News: Ask HN: Do you find it challenging to talk to your users?First-hand community discussion · Published 28 April 2022
- OpenAI: Data analysis with ChatGPTOfficial product documentation · Publication date unavailable
- National Institute of Standards and Technology: Artificial Intelligence Risk Management Framework (AI RMF 1.0)Government framework · Published 26 January 2023
- Google Workspace: Collaborative, AI-powered spreadsheetsOfficial product page · Publication date unavailable